3GPP TS 38.213 TDD Pattern & Resource Allocation.
TDD Config
Awaiting TDD Configuration
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5G NR supports flexible TDD patterns where each symbol can be DL, UL, or Flexible. The Slot Format Indicator (SFI) informs the UE about the current pattern to optimize throughput and latency.
More UL slots reduce UL grant latency.
Special slots provide the switch time (Guard Period) between DL and UL.